Aim. The diversity of etiological forms of fungal infections in patients with HIV/AIDS can cause major problems of evolution and prognostic of these patients. The authors studied the etiology of fungal infections in a group of patients and the susceptibility to antifungal drugs of the isolated strains.

Material and method. It was retrospectively analyzed a group of 32 patients with HIV/AIDS admitted in Department of Infectious Diseases, Timisoara, Romania. The positive diagnosis was established based on physical examination (fever, weight loss, white depots on tongue, headache, photophobia etc.), biological samples (number of leukocytes, leukocytary formula, ESR, blood cultures, sputum cultures, ELISA, Western blot, glossal exudates and culture on Sabouraud medium, biochemical parameters of cerebrospinal fluid etc.) and direct microscopic examination.

Results. Seventeen patients (53.12%) have presented glossal candidiasis, 4 (12.50%) oropharyngeal candidiasis, 2 (6.25%) esophageal candidiasis, 3 (9.37%) tinea capitis, 4 (12.50%) meningitis with Cryptococcus neoformans and 2 (6.25%) chronic diarrhea. There have been isolated 16 strains of Candida albicans, 8 of Candida non-albicans (from which 3 Candida glabrata, 1 Candida kefir, 3 Candida krusei and 1 Candida parapsilosis). Cryptococcus neoformans were detected in all patients with meningoencephalitis. We mention that all strains of Candida krusei have been resistant to fluconazole and susceptible to itraconazole. Out of 16 strains of Candida albicans, 5 have been resistant to fluconazole, but all of them were susceptible to itraconazole.
Discussion. The knowledge of the etiological spectrum of fungal infections in patients with HIV/AIDS permits an antifungal treatment and prophylaxis measures with satisfying results.